Spinal Osteoarthritis
Spinal spondylosis, also known as spinal osteoarthritis, is a degenerative condition of the spine that typically develops with age. It involves wear and tear on the spinal discs and facet joints, leading to pain, stiffness, and potentially nerve compression. Here’s a more detailed explanation:
What it is
Spondylosis is essentially age-related arthritis of the spine, affecting the discs and joints.
It’s characterized by the degeneration of intervertebral discs, which lose cushioning and height, and the development of bone spurs (osteophytes) in the facet joints.
This degeneration can lead to pain, stiffness, and in some cases, nerve compression (spinal stenosis).
Causes
The primary cause is the natural aging process, leading to wear and tear on the spine.
Over time, spinal discs can dehydrate and lose their cushioning ability, and facet joints can develop arthritis.
Symptoms
-
- Pain. Back pain, neck pain, or pain radiating into the arms or legs.
- Stiffness. Particularly in the morning or after periods of inactivity.
- Numbness or tingling. If nerves are compressed, it can cause numbness, tingling, or weakness in the extremities.
- Spinal stenosis symptoms. In severe cases, spinal stenosis (narrowing of the spinal canal) can lead to bladder or bowel control issues.
Diagnosis
-
- Physical examination by a doctor.
- Imaging tests like X-rays, MRI, or CT scans can help visualize the degeneration and rule out other conditions.
Treatment
-
- Conservative treatment. Physical therapy, pain medication (over-the-counter or prescription), and lifestyle modifications (like exercise and weight management) are often effective.
- Injections. Steroid injections can help reduce inflammation and pain.
- Surgery. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to decompress nerves or stabilize the spine.
*Credit: Berrow Neurological Institute